>50%ECOWAS territory formerly covered by AES states Georgetown Security Studies Review 202517%Share of ECOWAS population formerly in AES states Georgetown...

+150%Surge in China-linked cyber espionage operations globally in 2024 CrowdStrike Global Threat Report 202530%+Cybercrime share of all reported crime in...

Public Trust Deficits, Security Sector Abuse, And The Radicalisation Risk In Ghana −23%Decline in public satisfaction with democracy in Ghana,...

West African Security / Counter-Extremism / Ghana Threat Assessment 51%+Sahel share of global terrorism deaths (2024) IEP Global Terrorism Index...

Introduction: The War Without a Uniform In the traditional strategic imagination, warfare is a clash of steel and gunpowder—tanks crossing...

Introduction Contemporary geopolitical competition is characterized less by direct confrontation and more by indirect engagement through proxies, economic leverage, and...

Introduction In the complex and ever-shifting landscape of modern warfare, few phenomena are as consistently destabilising—and as frequently misunderstood—as the...

Algerian Civil War Series: What the Sahel and Coastal West Africa Can Learn from the Algerian Successful Counter-Terrorism Efforts The...

Introduction The Sahel the semi-arid belt stretching from Senegal to Sudan has become, by virtually every measurable indicator, the global...

Introduction The global energy transition and the proliferation of digital technologies have triggered an unprecedented scramble for critical minerals. Lithium,...